Scala Naturae
- Marcus Aurelius, Meditations, Book 7:55: "Every creature must do what follows from its own constitution. The rest of creation is..."
- Papias of Hierapolis, Fragments from the Exposition of the Oracles of the Lord, Fragment IV: "As the elders who saw John the disciple of the Lord remembered that they had heard from him how the Lord taught in..."
- Robert Fludd, De Divinis Numeris, Vidi Jehovam in altissimo throno super palatium mundanum elevato sedentem…: [Visual Content]
The Scala Naturae, or great chain of being, is a concept derived from Plato, Aristotle, and Proclus. As developed during the Middle Ages, it reached full expression in early modern Neoplatonism. It details a strict, religious hierarchical structure of all matter and life, believed to have been decreed by God. The chain starts from God and progresses downward to angels, demons (fallen/renegade angels), stars, moon, kings, princes, nobles, men, wild animals, domesticated animals, trees, other plants, precious stones, precious metals, and other minerals.